Which of the following are vital signs?

Vital signs are critical indicators of a person's essential bodily functions and overall health status. The key components typically included in vital signs are temperature, pulse (heart rate), respiration rate (breathing), and blood pressure. These measurements provide vital information about the body's physiological state and can help identify the presence or progression of a medical condition.

Each of these components plays a specific role:

• Temperature reflects the body's thermoregulation.

• Pulse indicates the heart's activity and rhythm.

• Respiratory rate gives insight into lung function and oxygenation.

• Blood pressure conveys information about the force of blood against the artery walls, which is crucial for understanding cardiovascular health.

Therefore, the determination of vital signs encompasses all these elements, making them essential in healthcare for monitoring patient stability and making clinical decisions. Other options focus on slender aspects of health but do not capture the full spectrum of vital signs as defined in the healthcare context.