What term refers to the arrangement and number of teeth in a person's mouth?

The term that defines the arrangement and number of teeth in a person's mouth is referred to as dentition. This term encompasses not only the actual number of teeth present but also the type and layout of those teeth, including how they fit together in the dental arch. Dentition can provide important insights into a person's dental health, development, and even overall well-being.

Dental anatomy, while related, focuses more broadly on the structures of the teeth and the surrounding tissues, rather than the specific arrangement and count. The oral cavity refers to the entire mouth area, which includes not only the teeth but also the gums, tongue, and other components. Maxillofacial structure pertains to the bones and tissues of the face and jaw, which again is broader than the specific configuration of teeth. Thus, dentition is the precise term related to the specific arrangement and number of teeth, making it the correct answer.