What is the process of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells?

The process of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells is called mitosis. This is a fundamental mechanism in eukaryotic cells where a single nucleus divides to create two nuclei, each containing an identical set of chromosomes. Mitosis is crucial for growth, development, and tissue repair, as it ensures that each new cell has the same genetic material as the original cell.

During mitosis, the cell goes through several stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. In prophase, the chromosomes condense and become visible, while the nuclear membrane begins to break down. During metaphase, chromosomes align in the middle of the cell. Anaphase involves the separation of sister chromatids, which move to opposite poles of the cell. Finally, in telophase, nuclear membranes re-form around each set of chromosomes, leading to the eventual division of the cytoplasm through cytokinesis, resulting in two identical daughter cells.

The other processes mentioned do not result in two identical daughter cells. Meiosis is a type of cell division that occurs in gametes, producing four genetically diverse cells with half the number of chromosomes, which is essential for sexual reproduction. Binary fission is a form of asexual reproduction